# NOKIA CORP

Summary updated: 2026-10-02T10:11:30.676324Z
Canonical: https://finbar.com/research/companies/nokia

## Overview

Nokia Corporation is a Finland-based global technology company focused on connectivity infrastructure. It supplies network equipment, software and services to communications providers, enterprises, cloud companies and data-center customers. Its activities span fixed, IP and optical networks, mobile radio and core networks, cloud and network software, and technology licensing. Nokia describes its purpose as “Advancing connectivity to secure a brighter world.” [1](https://www.nokia.com/we-are-nokia/)

Nokia operates internationally and reported FY2025 net sales of €19.9 billion and an average workforce of approximately 78,000. [2](https://www.nokia.com/about-us/investors/results-reports/annual-report/) Its operating structure changed in 2026 to two businesses, Network Infrastructure and Mobile Infrastructure, reflecting its core role in the networks that connect people, businesses and digital services. [3](https://www.nokia.com/newsroom/nokia-announces-new-strategy-evolution-of-its-operating-model-new-long-term-financial-target-strategic-kpis-and-changes-to-its-group-leadership-team/)
[1](https://www.nokia.com/we-are-nokia/)[2](https://www.nokia.com/about-us/investors/results-reports/annual-report/)[3](https://www.nokia.com/newsroom/nokia-announces-new-strategy-evolution-of-its-operating-model-new-long-term-financial-target-strategic-kpis-and-changes-to-its-group-leadership-team/)[1](https://www.nokia.com/we-are-nokia/)[2](https://www.nokia.com/about-us/investors/results-reports/annual-report/)[3](https://www.nokia.com/newsroom/nokia-announces-new-strategy-evolution-of-its-operating-model-new-long-term-financial-target-strategic-kpis-and-changes-to-its-group-leadership-team/)

## Products & services

Nokia’s optical-networking products include the 1830 PSI-M modular platform for data-center interconnect over metro, regional and long-haul distances, and the 1830 PSS coherent optical-transport family. Nokia’s PSS-HC materials specify support for PSE-6s coherent traffic cards operating at up to 1.2 Tb/s. Its IP portfolio includes the 7750 Service Router, which supports up to 230 Tb/s full-duplex capacity and interfaces up to 800GE. [4](https://www.nokia.com/optical-networks/1830-psi-m/)[5](https://www.nokia.com/optical-networks/1830-photonic-service-switch/)[6](https://www.nokia.com/asset/f/215113/)[7](https://www.nokia.com/ip-networks/7750-service-router/)

For fixed broadband, Nokia’s Lightspan DF fiber OLT supports GPON, XGS-PON and 25G PON; XGS-PON provides symmetrical 10-Gb/s fiber access. Its AirScale radio-access portfolio includes baseband and macro-radio products, with macro radios supporting multiple frequency bands and configurations from 2T2R to 8T8R. Nokia also identifies Habrok Massive MIMO radios, Levante baseband and MantaRay SON/AutoPilot network optimization and automation solutions. [8](https://www.nokia.com/broadband-access/gigabit-fiber/lightspan-df-fiber-olt/)[9](https://www.nokia.com/broadband-access/gigabit-fiber/xgs-pon/)[10](https://www.nokia.com/radio-access/macro-radios/)[11](https://www.nokia.com/newsroom/nokia-lands-strategic-5g-ran-deal-with-t-mobile-us-to-enhance-nationwide-connectivity/)

Nokia’s converged, cloud-native core portfolio covers 2G–5G networks, fixed access and IMS voice. Core Network SaaS provides operated 4G/5G core software, upgrades and support by subscription. Nokia Technologies also licenses wireless and multimedia inventions for mobile devices, consumer electronics, IoT, automotive and multimedia services. [12](https://www.nokia.com/core-networks/)[13](https://www.nokia.com/core-networks/5g-core/core-saas/)[14](https://www.nokia.com/system/files/2026-03/nokia-form-20-f-2025.pdf)

In FY2025, Nokia reported €7.980 billion in Network Infrastructure net sales, €7.800 billion in Mobile Networks, €2.606 billion in Cloud and Network Services, and €1.501 billion in Nokia Technologies, out of €19.889 billion total. These represented approximately 40.1%, 39.2%, 13.1% and 7.5% of group net sales, respectively; percentages are calculated from the reported segment figures. Nokia changed its operating and reporting structure for 2026, so those FY2025 segment names reflect the prior structure. [14](https://www.nokia.com/system/files/2026-03/nokia-form-20-f-2025.pdf)[15](https://www.nokia.com/newsroom/nokia-provides-recast-comparative-segment-results-for-2025-and-2024-reflecting-new-operating-and-financial-reporting-structure/)
[16](https://app.finbar.com/go?id=T17484273)[4](https://www.nokia.com/optical-networks/1830-psi-m/)[5](https://www.nokia.com/optical-networks/1830-photonic-service-switch/)[6](https://www.nokia.com/asset/f/215113/)[7](https://www.nokia.com/ip-networks/7750-service-router/)[8](https://www.nokia.com/broadband-access/gigabit-fiber/lightspan-df-fiber-olt/)[9](https://www.nokia.com/broadband-access/gigabit-fiber/xgs-pon/)[10](https://www.nokia.com/radio-access/macro-radios/)[11](https://www.nokia.com/newsroom/nokia-lands-strategic-5g-ran-deal-with-t-mobile-us-to-enhance-nationwide-connectivity/)[12](https://www.nokia.com/core-networks/)[13](https://www.nokia.com/core-networks/5g-core/core-saas/)[14](https://www.nokia.com/system/files/2026-03/nokia-form-20-f-2025.pdf)[15](https://www.nokia.com/newsroom/nokia-provides-recast-comparative-segment-results-for-2025-and-2024-reflecting-new-operating-and-financial-reporting-structure/)

## Geographic presence

In 2025, Nokia reported net sales of €19.889 billion: €8.265 billion in EMEA (41.6% of total), €6.985 billion in the Americas (35.1%), and €4.639 billion in APAC (23.3%). Disclosed subregions included Europe (€6.165 billion), North America (€6.201 billion), India (€1.534 billion), Greater China (€913 million), and the rest of APAC (€2.192 billion). Percentages are calculated from reported regional sales and total net sales. [17](https://app.finbar.com/go?id=P152059589)[18](https://app.finbar.com/go?id=T17484265)

Manufacturing locations disclosed for year-end 2025 included Oulu, Finland; Chennai, India; Sunnyvale and Allentown in the United States. Nokia also reported completing the purchase of a San Jose, California facility in February 2026, with production expected to begin in 2027. Its listed principal wholly owned group companies were domiciled across Finland, the United States, Netherlands, France, India, Japan, Saudi Arabia, China, Brazil, Taiwan, Spain, the United Kingdom, Canada, Italy, and Australia. [19](https://app.finbar.com/go?id=P152051684)[20](https://app.finbar.com/go?id=T17483938)[21](https://app.finbar.com/go?id=P152062254)[22](https://app.finbar.com/go?id=T17484460)
[17](https://app.finbar.com/go?id=P152059589)[18](https://app.finbar.com/go?id=T17484265)[19](https://app.finbar.com/go?id=P152051684)[20](https://app.finbar.com/go?id=T17483938)[21](https://app.finbar.com/go?id=P152062254)[22](https://app.finbar.com/go?id=T17484460)

## Business segments

For 2026, Nokia reports two segments under its revised operating structure, effective January 1: **Network Infrastructure**, comprising Optical Networks, IP Networks and Fixed Networks; and **Mobile Infrastructure**, comprising Core Software, Radio Networks and Technology Standards. [15](https://www.nokia.com/newsroom/nokia-provides-recast-comparative-segment-results-for-2025-and-2024-reflecting-new-operating-and-financial-reporting-structure/)

In the first half of 2026, Network Infrastructure recorded net sales of €3.866 billion, approximately **41.5%** of Nokia’s €9.312 billion total net sales. Mobile Infrastructure recorded €5.175 billion, approximately **55.6%**. Percentages are calculated from reported segment and total sales; the segment figures together are less than total company net sales. [23](https://www.nokia.com/system/files/2026-07/nokia_results_2026_q2.pdf)
[15](https://www.nokia.com/newsroom/nokia-provides-recast-comparative-segment-results-for-2025-and-2024-reflecting-new-operating-and-financial-reporting-structure/)[23](https://www.nokia.com/system/files/2026-07/nokia_results_2026_q2.pdf)

## Company history

Founded in 1865 by Fredrik Idestam as a Finnish wood-pulp mill, Nokia later expanded into rubber and cable businesses. In 1967, Nokia Ab, Finnish Rubber Works and Finnish Cable Works merged to form Nokia Corporation, which by then also had electronics operations. [24](https://www.nokia.com/fi_fi/about-us/company/historiamme/)

Nokia’s shift toward telecommunications included early mobile phones such as the Mobira Senator (1982) and Mobira Cityman (1987). In 1991, the first official GSM call was made using Nokia equipment; the company introduced its first GSM handset, the Nokia 1011, the following year. [25](https://www.nokia.com/about-us/newsroom/media-resources/media-library/nokia-history/) [26](https://www.nokia.com/blog/thirty-years-on-from-the-call-that-transformed-how-we-communicate/)

In 2007, Nokia and Siemens combined their network businesses in the Nokia Siemens Networks joint venture. Nokia later bought Siemens’ stake, sold substantially all of its mobile-device business to Microsoft in 2014, and combined with Alcatel-Lucent in 2016. [27](https://www.nokia.com/newsroom/nokia-to-fully-acquire-siemens-stake-in-nokia-siemens-networks/) [28](https://www.nokia.com/newsroom/nokia-completes-sale-of-substantially-all-of-its-devices--services-business-to-microsoft/) [29](https://www.nokia.com/newsroom/nokia-celebrates-first-day-of-combined-operations-with-alcatel-lucent/)

Nokia completed its acquisition of optical-networking company Infinera in February 2025, broadening its network infrastructure business. [30](https://www.nokia.com/newsroom/nokia-completes-acquisition-of-infinera-to-create-innovation-powerhouse-in-optical-networks-with-the-scale-to-power-the-data-center-revolution/)
[24](https://www.nokia.com/fi_fi/about-us/company/historiamme/)[25](https://www.nokia.com/about-us/newsroom/media-resources/media-library/nokia-history/)[26](https://www.nokia.com/blog/thirty-years-on-from-the-call-that-transformed-how-we-communicate/)[27](https://www.nokia.com/newsroom/nokia-to-fully-acquire-siemens-stake-in-nokia-siemens-networks/)[28](https://www.nokia.com/newsroom/nokia-completes-sale-of-substantially-all-of-its-devices--services-business-to-microsoft/)[29](https://www.nokia.com/newsroom/nokia-celebrates-first-day-of-combined-operations-with-alcatel-lucent/)[30](https://www.nokia.com/newsroom/nokia-completes-acquisition-of-infinera-to-create-innovation-powerhouse-in-optical-networks-with-the-scale-to-power-the-data-center-revolution/)

## Sources

1. [www.nokia.com](https://www.nokia.com/we-are-nokia/)
2. [www.nokia.com](https://www.nokia.com/about-us/investors/results-reports/annual-report/)
3. [www.nokia.com](https://www.nokia.com/newsroom/nokia-announces-new-strategy-evolution-of-its-operating-model-new-long-term-financial-target-strategic-kpis-and-changes-to-its-group-leadership-team/)
4. [www.nokia.com](https://www.nokia.com/optical-networks/1830-psi-m/)
5. [www.nokia.com](https://www.nokia.com/optical-networks/1830-photonic-service-switch/)
6. [www.nokia.com](https://www.nokia.com/asset/f/215113/)
7. [www.nokia.com](https://www.nokia.com/ip-networks/7750-service-router/)
8. [www.nokia.com](https://www.nokia.com/broadband-access/gigabit-fiber/lightspan-df-fiber-olt/)
9. [www.nokia.com](https://www.nokia.com/broadband-access/gigabit-fiber/xgs-pon/)
10. [www.nokia.com](https://www.nokia.com/radio-access/macro-radios/)
11. [www.nokia.com](https://www.nokia.com/newsroom/nokia-lands-strategic-5g-ran-deal-with-t-mobile-us-to-enhance-nationwide-connectivity/)
12. [www.nokia.com](https://www.nokia.com/core-networks/)
13. [www.nokia.com](https://www.nokia.com/core-networks/5g-core/core-saas/)
14. [www.nokia.com](https://www.nokia.com/system/files/2026-03/nokia-form-20-f-2025.pdf)
15. [www.nokia.com](https://www.nokia.com/newsroom/nokia-provides-recast-comparative-segment-results-for-2025-and-2024-reflecting-new-operating-and-financial-reporting-structure/)
16. [NOKIA CORP — Full financial report (2025 Y)](https://app.finbar.com/go?id=T17484273)
17. [NOKIA CORP — Full financial report (2025 Y)](https://app.finbar.com/go?id=P152059589)
18. [NOKIA CORP — Full financial report (2025 Y)](https://app.finbar.com/go?id=T17484265)
19. [NOKIA CORP — Full financial report (2025 Y)](https://app.finbar.com/go?id=P152051684)
20. [NOKIA CORP — Full financial report (2025 Y)](https://app.finbar.com/go?id=T17483938)
21. [NOKIA CORP — Full financial report (2025 Y)](https://app.finbar.com/go?id=P152062254)
22. [NOKIA CORP — Full financial report (2025 Y)](https://app.finbar.com/go?id=T17484460)
23. [www.nokia.com](https://www.nokia.com/system/files/2026-07/nokia_results_2026_q2.pdf)
24. [www.nokia.com](https://www.nokia.com/fi_fi/about-us/company/historiamme/)
25. [www.nokia.com](https://www.nokia.com/about-us/newsroom/media-resources/media-library/nokia-history/)
26. [www.nokia.com](https://www.nokia.com/blog/thirty-years-on-from-the-call-that-transformed-how-we-communicate/)
27. [www.nokia.com](https://www.nokia.com/newsroom/nokia-to-fully-acquire-siemens-stake-in-nokia-siemens-networks/)
28. [www.nokia.com](https://www.nokia.com/newsroom/nokia-completes-sale-of-substantially-all-of-its-devices--services-business-to-microsoft/)
29. [www.nokia.com](https://www.nokia.com/newsroom/nokia-celebrates-first-day-of-combined-operations-with-alcatel-lucent/)
30. [www.nokia.com](https://www.nokia.com/newsroom/nokia-completes-acquisition-of-infinera-to-create-innovation-powerhouse-in-optical-networks-with-the-scale-to-power-the-data-center-revolution/)

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